Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination (COMLEX USA) Practice

Who is recognized as the founder of cranial osteopathy?

1. AT Still

2. Sutherland

3. Mitchel

4. Flexner

The correct answer is: Sutherland

The founder of cranial osteopathy is William Garner Sutherland. He was a student of Andrew Taylor Still, the founder of osteopathy, but Sutherland developed cranial osteopathy as a distinct field within the practice. His work began in the early 20th century when he explored the idea that the bones of the skull were not fully fused, allowing for subtle movements that could influence health and wellbeing. Sutherland proposed that these cranial motions could affect the cerebrospinal fluid and overall cranial function, thereby impacting the body’s health. Through his research and practices, Sutherland established the principles of cranial osteopathy, emphasizing the importance of the cranial sutures and the relationship between cranial movement and bodily function. His techniques have since become fundamental components of osteopathic manipulative treatment, particularly in pediatrics and treatment of neurological conditions. The other figures mentioned, while significant in the broader context of osteopathy and medical education, did not specifically found cranial osteopathy. Andrew Taylor Still laid the groundwork for osteopathic medicine, whereas Flexner was instrumental in medical education reform and Mitchell contributed to various aspects of osteopathic practice, but none focused on cranial techniques as Sutherland did.